Agriculture Extension & Rural Development

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Effects of national directorate of employment on youth poverty status in Southwestern Nigeria
(Departments of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso,, 2017) Adelakun O. E.
Youth unemployment is one of the most serious socio-economic problems currently confronting Nigeria. Its effect is felt on the high rate of poverty among the youth. The National Directorate of Employment (NDE) was an initiative, which targeted skills development and job creation among the youth. However, few studies exist on its impact on youth poverty. Therefore, effects of NDE on youth poverty status in Southwestern Nigeria were investigated. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to select respondents for the study. Out of the six Southwestern states, Osun, Oyo and Ogun were randomly selected. Simple random sampling was used to select 244 NDE participants of five years and above, with 155 non-NDE participants selected using snowball technique to give a total sample size of 399 respondents. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents were male with mean age of 31.0±6.1 years. Half of the respondents (50.4%) were married, earning a mean income of N21,831.7 monthly. About 57.0% participated in agricultural training and 85.2% exhibited high knowledge of NDE activities. The greatest challenge faced by 66.0% of participants was insufficient fund (1.6±0.7), with the most important benefit derived being technical skills (1.09±0.71). More participants (27.1%) were better off than non-participants (21.3%) in poverty status. Furthermore, no significant difference (t=1.95; p>0.05) exists in poverty status of participants and non-participants. However, there was a significant difference (t=15.08; p<0.00) in the poverty status of participants in agricultural and nonagricultural training. The NDE activities had a low impact on the poverty status of participants. There should be an upward review of both monetary and material grants given to the participants to create a positive effect on the poverty status of participants,
Gender disparity in academic performance of students in the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan, Oyo State
(Departments of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso,, 2017) Adelakun O. E.
Gender disparity in schooling is observed among younger population in which men perform better than women in certain settings while women outperform men in other settings. This study examined gender disparity in academic performance among faculty of agriculture and forestry students of University of Ibadan. One hundred and fifty respondents were randomly selected from 200, 300 and 400 levels and structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages while T-test was employed for inferential statistics. Results show that majority of the respondents were within the active age of 18-26 years (88.0%), single (86.7%) and were from monogamous family (71.3%). Conduciveness of learning environment (0.44) and parental/guardian attention (0.44) were considered by both male and female students respectively as the major factors that affect academic performance. About 45.2% of male students and Female students had positive attitude to education (53.2%) and larger percentage of female students were in 2nd class upper division (48.1%). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the academic performance of male (3.9863) and female (4.5870) students (t=6.049, p=0.015). The study concluded that female students perform academically better than their male counterparts. Male students should be given optimum attention in gender mainstreaming advocacy.