Agriculture Extension & Rural Development

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Acceptability of egg powder among nursing mothers in rural areas of Ijebu North local government area of Ogun State, Nigeria
(2018) Tijani, S. A.
Eggs are among the most nutritious foods, cheapest source of protein, vitamins and minerals. However, fresh egg is fragile and its quality deteriorates easily. Egg powder adds consistent performance to the list of attributes of the commodity hence the need to evaluate the acceptability of egg powder among nursing mothers as a source of protein. The study was carried out in rural areas of Ijebu North Local Government Area of Ogun State. Random sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents across five maternity health centres. Interview schedule was used to collect data. Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics at α0.05. Findings revealed that 62.5% of the respondents had low level of awareness about egg powder, more than half (55.8%) had unfavourable disposition towards egg powder, resulting in 60.0% of them having low acceptability for its use. Non-availability of egg powder (50.8%) and lack of information on egg powder (50.0%) were major constraints to egg powder consumption in the study area. Significant relationship existed between respondents’ income (χ2 = 0.184), level of education (χ2 = 0.233), awareness (r = 0.229), perception of egg powder (r = 0.246) and the level of acceptability of egg powder. There was a low level of egg powder acceptability in the study area. Hence, there is a need to create awareness on the nutritive value of egg powder in the study area.
Access to production information among citrus farmers in Atisbo Local Government Area of Oyo State
(Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria, 2007) Eniola, P. O.; Fawole, O. P.
The study was conducted to determine the level of awareness, access and utilization of sixteen, Citrus production by citrus farmers in ATISBO Local Government Area of Oyo State. Structured interview schedule were administered on sixty citrus farmers who were purposively selected from six communities. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, percentage and rating were used to analyse the data. Ninety eight point three (98.3%) of the respondents were male and 85 percent (85%) were married. The main source of information was village extension agents and contact farmers as indicated by 46.7 percent and 41.7 percent of respondents. Sixty eight percent of the farmers experience low yield of citrus. Level of information awareness, access and utilization of citrus farm practices was low. That is 63.3, 58.86 and 50 percent of the respondents had low scores respectively. The extension agents have been encouraged to release to farmers necessary information that could lead to high citrus production in the area.
ANALYSIS OF INDIGENOUS PRACTICES OF SMALL-SCALE PLANTAIN FARMERS FOR APPROPRIATE ALLEY FARMING TECHNOLOGY IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
(1992-10) ADEKUNLE, O. A.
The limitations of conventional technology development gave birth to Farming Systems Research perspective which look at farming practices from a holistic view. This however has innate flaws in its implementation. Recent emphasis therefore is strengthening the need to appreciate a hitherto neglected indigenous knowledge systems. This indigenous knowledge for instance, has been influencing the indigenous practices associated with small-scale plantain production. Before now Plantain has not received favourable attention despite its economic potentials in the Nigerian economy. This is the main reason for this investigation which described the indigenous practices in its production. It is with an intent to illustrate how Alley Farming Technology should be designed to blend with the indigenous practices of the small-scale plantain farmers. The inquiry was conducted in Irewole and Oranmiyan Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Oyo State (however, since the creation of new states in 1992, these LGAs have become part of Osun State). The objectives of the study were to: describe the socio-economic features of plantain farmers, ascertain their indigenous practices, identify constraints to production, examine their agricultural information sources and determine the impact of certain variables on indigenous practices. A mini-study (or field observation) was conducted on ten small-scale (volunteer- farmers less than 3 ha) plantain plots. The monitoring of these plots for about six months was to field-test certain concepts which were empirically investigated in the follow-up survey. The survey was an interview schedule administered to two hundred and seventy (270) small-scale plantain farmers selected through a multi-stage sampling technique in the two LGAs. Frequency analysis of information obtained from the ten plots indicated that the most common crops intercropped with plantain (26.2%) were cassava, cocoyam, maize and vegetables. Information from the questionnaire revealed that 91% of the respondents had no formal education. Though staking was a practice, recommended spacing and mulching of plantain was not favoured by 98% of the interviewees. Cutlass was frequently used by 99.3% in plantain operations. Male household heads determined planting plantain (99.3%), plots to be used (98.9%) while female household heads/wives of male household heads decided on plantain processing (78.5%), sales (89.6%) and cost of production (69.6%). Constraints to plantain production include declining soil fertility (98.5%), insufficient propagules (95.2%) and inadequate extension service (95.9%). Multipurpose trees (MPTs) known to plantain farmers were Cassia (98.1%) and Gliricidia (97.0%). At a priori P<.05, pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant and positive association between indigenous knowledge and intercropping of plantain (r = 0.25). Use of Radio as a source negatively correlated with staking (r=-0.51) and mulching of plantain (r = -0.23). Stepwise multivariate ^egression showed that 48% of the variation in indigenous intercropping of plantain was explained by six regressors; household size, social participation, alley farming awareness, extension drama method, farm service centres and poor community market prices for plantain. These findings have implications for the adoption of Alley Farming technology in the study area. There is a serious need to involve small-scale plantain farmers in alley species (MPTs) selection, establishment and management. A comprehensive extension educational programme is necessary to make plantain farmers more aware of the alley farming technology.
Assessment of current status of women farmers in Japan using empowerment indicators
(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007) Tijani, S. A.; Yano, I.
This research assessed the current status of Japanese women farmers using universal measurement of women empowerment. Two prefectures, Hiroshima and Shimane were selected. Stratified sampling technique was used to select respondents from each village while structured questionnaire was employed to collect data on economic, social, familial, legal, mobility and political status of the respondents. The result shows that status of women farmers was improved in the recent time compared to years back. This was revealed in the favourable responses to some statement questions such as; freedom and participation in voting, relationship with husband, participation in outside work and freedom of movement. However, their status as unpaid workers on family farms, lack of freedom to borrow and lend, inability to express their mind over the children to mother-in- law were the prevailing items of their disempowerment. Classifying respondents on the overall empowerment shows that majority of them were highly empowered. Inferential analysis using t-test to compare women farmers past and present status shows a significant difference, t = 4.827, p = 0.000. Relationship between personal characteristics of women farmers and their present empowerment status using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) coefficient r shows negative correlation between age and all empowerment indicators. Also marital status has negative correlation with familial and legal empowerment while mother-in-law and familial empowerment were positively correlated. It therefore suggests that status of women farmer in Japan has improved, compare to their situation years back.
Assessment of field maintenance practices of coffea arabica among coffee farmers in Taraba State, Nigeria
(Green World Foundation, 2008-11) Agbongiarhuoyi, A. E.; Adeogun, S. O.; Fawole, O. P.
This study was conducted to assess field maintenance practices on production of Coffea arabica among farmers in Sardauna Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria during 2007. Data for the study were obtained from a systematic random sampling of eighty-eight coffee farmers through the use of well structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square. Most (44.3%) of the respondents were 50-69 years old while 56.8 % of them belonged to 3-12 range of family size. Majority (98.9%) of the respondents claimed to be engaged in clearing of coffee farms, 97.7% coppiced old unproductive plot and the same figure harvested coffee berries. Extension workers' contact with farmers (36.4%) was low. The very serious constraints to Coffea arabica production were poor marketing (97.7%) and pricing (95.5%), inadequate' market information (89.8%), high labour cost (84.1%) and weak extension services 67.1%. The significant socio-economic variables that influence field maintenance practices of Coffea arabica include family size, farming experience, coffee beans price, and number of coffee farms maintained (p< 0.05). Good marketing strategies via farmers' group and improved extension contact would sustain Coffea arabica farming among farmers.
Assessment of primary cocoa beans processing methods in Owan west local government area of Edo State, Nigeria
(2007) Agbongiarhuoyi, A. E.; Fawole, O. P.
This study assessed the primary cocoa beans processing methods in Owan West Local Government Area (OWLGA) of Edo State, Nigeria. Systematic random sampling was used in selecting 125 farmers in three main cocoa producing communities of OWLGA. Data were collected with structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation. Age range for majority (56%) of the respondents was 55-68 and 69-82 years. Many (59.2%) cultivated small farms (< 2ha) and 48% had no formal education. All (100%) of sampled farmers identified heap and sun- drying processing methods while they were not aware of the sweat-box, tray and artificial drying methods. A high proportion (98.4%) processed cocoa beans in heaps and all (100%) used sun-drying method. Farm size (0.233) and identified processing methods (0.472) were significantly related to utilization of cocoa processing methods (p< 0.0 1). With adequate Government intervention, the common method (heap) used by farmers should be improved upon while tray method is popularized.
An assessment of the effect of extension services on arable farmers' production in Ekiti South west local government area of Ekiti State
(2012) Oluwasusi, J. O.; Tijani, S. A.
The study investigated the effect of extension services on arable crop farmers' production in Ekiti South West Local Government Area of Ekiti State. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 105 respondents from the list obtained from the state ADR Interview schedule was employed to elicit information from the respondents. Data obtained were subjected, to descriptive and inferential statistics. More than half (55.2%) of the respondents were aged 50 years and above and 57.1%) had no formal education. Majority (83.8%) were married, had a farm size range of 1-2 hectares (80.9%) and had farming experience of not less than 16 years (72.4%). A large percentage of respondents (68.6%) sourced for improved agricultural practices through fellow farmers and 50.5% financed their arable fanning business through cooperative societies' loans. Crops grown by the farmers Include; maize, yam, cassava, okra, vegetable and sweet potato. More than half (52.4%) of the respondents had favourable attitude towards extension services while farmers' production was low among many of them (48.6%). Significant relationship exist between age (r = 0.305). farm size (r = 0.381), years of formal education (r = 0.488), fanning experience (r = 0.643), attitude of fanners towards extension services and their production (r= 0. 196;p<0.05). Farmers had poor but effective extension services on their production. Therefore, arable crop farmers need a dynamic extension service through purposeful contact with extension agents, government should increase the funding, mobility and. motivation of field extension staff to ensure better agricultural production, and invariably. achieve food security in the country.
Assessment of the use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as cooking energy source among rural households in Badagry area of Lagos State
(Global Society of Scientific Research and Researchers, 2016) Hammeed, G.; Orifah, M.; Ijeoma, M.; Tijani, S.
The need to promote the use of clean household cooking energy source as well as propagating safe and sustainable environment to cut down the number of human lives lost to the use of unsafe, inefficient and unhealthy cooking energy sources has informed the introduction of the Lagos LPG initiative. This study assessed the use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as cooking energy source among rural households in Badagry Local Government Area of Lagos state. A multistage sampling procedure was used to sample 140 respondents from seven rural communities of Badagry Area of Lagos state. A structured interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents, these were analysed using descriptive (frequencies, percentages, means, and ranks) and inferential (Chi-square) statistics. The study revealed that the mean age of respondents was 34.18 years with majority being married (69.3%), Christians (60.0%), self-employed (83.9%), with average income of ₦14137.14 monthly and majority (91.4%) having household size of 1-8 persons. The use of LPG among respondents was low (38.6%) amidst high level of knowledge on the utilization of LPG (67.1%) and awareness of health risks associated with the use of alternative household cooking energy sources (70%). Major constraints limiting respondents’ choice of LPG were lack of fund to purchase LPG (𝑥̅=1.31), scarcity of gas at skid plants ((𝑥̅=1.29) and high cost of refilling gas ((𝑥̅=1.15). Respondents’ level of education (χ2=9.05) and households’ income (χ2= 11.55) were significantly related to the use of LPG. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that efforts be made to reduce the incidence of poverty by introducing poverty alleviation programmes to improve the standard of living of the people, palliative measures to ensure the affordability of LPG should be considered and the government should also revisit the delivery system for LPG to ensure that availability is enhanced particularly at designated skid plants.
Attitude of farmers towards Non-governmental extension organisations in Oyo-State, Nigeria
(2013-12) Tijani, S. A.; Mudashir, H. B.
The study examined the attitude of farmers towards non-governmental extension organisations (NGEOs) in Oyo State. Multistage sampling procedure was used to choose 160 respondents. Data were collected through interview schedule and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics at p=0.05. More than one-third of the respondents were in the age bracket of 41-50years, majority were maies (67.5%), 76.9% had ten years of formal education and 81.9% were married. Only 28.8% cultivated between 2.43-4.05hectares, 23.7% had more than 2Oyears of farming experience and 65.0% grew cash crop. Majority (86.3%) of the respondents were aware of NGEOs through radio and FADU was ranked 1sl followed by Leveniis as the most prominent NGEOs. Greater percentage (93.7%) was willing to pay for the services of the organizations. However, 82.5% could only afford between N1,000.00~N10,000.00/month. Prohibitive cost of services provided (mean =0.719) was the major limiting factors to respondents' willingness to access services of NGEOs. Notwithstanding, 57.5% had favourable attitude towards NGEOs. There was significant relationship between years of formal education (r=0.346), years of farming experience (r=0.187), marital status (y2=25.47), primary occupation (y2 =10.016) and attitude towards NGEOs. Also, type of crops grown (y2 -4.32), willingness to pay (y2 =9.525), number of hectares under cultivation (r=0.171), source of information (r=0.519) and constraints to using NGOE services (r=0.428) had significant relationships with respondents' attitude towards NGEOs. Synergies and collaboration between governmental and NGEOs become imperative for efficient and effective delivery of extension services
Attitude of women cassava farmers towards participation in growth enhancement support scheme in Oyo state, Nigeria
(2016-12) Tijani, S. A.; Umoh, I. E.
The study examined attitude of women cassava farmers towards the Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) in Oyo state. Three LGAs were purposively selected while random sampling was used to select 4 communities in each LGA with five respondents each using snowball method to give sample size of 180 respondents. Interview schedule was used for data collection and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results reveal that most of the respondents (67.8%) were within 31-50years of age, married (90.0%), literate (57.8%) with open market (x̅=1.98) and middlemen (x̅=1.78) being the preferred sources of inputs. More than half (52.7%) had over ten years of farming experience, 52.3% cultivated above 6 acres, 68.3% had high level of participation in GESS while 63.3 had favourable attitude towards GESS. Inadequate finance (x̅=1.94) and high illiteracy (x̅=1.93 were the constraints to participation. Significant relationship exists between education (χ2=2.315, p=0.040), level of participation (r=0.258, p= 0.000), sources of input (r=0.223, p= 0.003), constraint to participation (r=0.424, p=0.000) and attitude towards GESS. Though, many respondents were unable to access agricultural inputs from redemption centers yet they had favourable attitude towards GESS. Proper inputs distribution mechanism to eliminate diversion and financial institution with minimum interest rate and collateral should be employed.
Awareness and participation of farmers in extension activities of agricultural media resources and extension centre in Ogun state
(2013) Fawole, O. P.; Tijani, S. A.
This study assessed the extension activities of Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre (AMREC) of University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State. Five villages that were in active collaboration with the centre were targeted. Ten percent (10%) of registered farmers were selected from each village given the sample size of 170 respondents. Data based on respondents awareness and participation in the extension activities of AMREC were collected through structured questionnaire and analysis was done using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that 69.6% of the respondents were between 31-50years of age, 68.3% were males, 88.8% were married and 62.7% of the respondents have one form of education or the other. Majority (82.6%) were full time farmers with 44.7% cultivating 1-2hectares while 95.0% had technical background before the inception of AMREC in the area. Greater percentage (59.0%) of the respondents had been having contacts with extension agents once in 2 weeks. All the respondents were aware of AMREC research activities but 95% had more awareness on market research. Respondents were aware of extension services of AMREC more than research activities and almost all the respondents were aware of input supply services of AMREC. Meanwhile, participation of respondents in research activities of AMREC was occasional while that of extension and input supply activities was regular. There is significant relationship between gender, marital status, level of education and level of participation in AMREC activities (χ2= 20.31, p<0.05; χ2= 6.92, p<0.05 and χ2= 21.58, p< 0.05). Positive relationship exists between respondents’ awareness of all AMREC activities and participation in the extension activities. It can be concluded that most of the participants in AMREC activities were small scale farmers and their awareness and participation in AMREC extension and input supply activities were more than research activities. More female farmers and farmers with large hectares of land should be involved. Also, AMREC should ensure that their research work is disseminated to all farmers within their coverage areas irrespective of the specific target audience.
Awareness and participation of farmers in extension activities of agricultural media resources and extension centre in Ogun State
(2013-12) Fawole, O. P.; Tijani, S. A.
This study assessed the extension activities of Agricultural Media Resources and Extension Centre (AMREC) of University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State. Five villages that were in active collaboration with the centre were targeted. Ten percent (10%) of registered farmers were selected from each village given the sample size of 170 respondents. Data based on respondents awareness and participation in the extension activities of AMREC were collected through structured questionnaire and analysis was done using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that 69.6% of the respondents were between 31-50years of age, 68.3% were males, 88.8% were married and 62.7% of the respondents have one form of education or the other. Majority (82.6%) were full time farmers with 44.7% cultivating 1-2hectares while 95.0% had technical background before the inception of AMREC in the area. Greater percentage (59.0%) of the respondents had been having contacts with extension agents once in 2 weeks. All the respondents were aware of AMREC research activities but 95% had more awareness on market research. Respondents were aware of extension services of AMREC more than research activities and almost all the respondents were aware of input supply services of AMREC. Meanwhile, participation of respondents in research activities of AMREC was occasional while that of extension and input supply activities was regular. There is significant relationship between gender, marital status, level of education and level of participation in AMREC activities (χ2= 20.31, p<0.05; χ2= 6.92, p<0.05 and χ2= 21.58, p< 0.05). Positive relationship exists between respondents’ awareness of all AMREC activities and participation in the extension activities. It can be concluded that most of the participants in AMREC activities were small scale farmers and their awareness and participation in AMREC extension and input supply activities were more than research activities. More female farmers and farmers with large hectares of land should be involved. Also, AMREC should ensure that their research work is disseminated to all farmers within their coverage areas irrespective of the specific target audience.
Awareness and prevention of HIV/AIDS among farming communities in Akinyele and Kajola Local Government Areas of Oyo State, Nigeria
(Pan African Book Company, 2012) Busari, A. O.; Fawole, O. P.
This study was carried out to assess the-awareness and prevention of HIV/AIDS among members of farming communities in Akinyele and Kajola Local government Areas of Oyo State. The rationale for carrying out this research is to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes of the participants on HIV/AIDS, identify the level of awareness of prevention of HIV/AIDS among the participants, and to identify the channel through which the participants received their information on awareness and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Twenty-five participants’ each were purposively selected from each of twelve randomly selected communities from the two Local Government Areas to give a total of 300 respondents. Data for the study was collected through structured interview schedule. Data was analysed using frequency counts and percentages. Hypothesis tested were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PFMC). Finding showed that majority of members of farming communities in the two Local Government were with primary six leaving certificate (low level of formal education) Radio was the major channel through which they received HIV/AIDS information 64% of the respondents indicated. None of the respondents received information through the posters 94% of the respondents received HIV/AIDS information on radio programme called "Abule Oloke Merin. All the respondents (100%) in the two Local government Area of study believe that anal sex should be avoided. They believed that sex should not be abstained (87.38%, and79.3%) disagreed with abstinence. The tested hypotheses indicated significant relationship between gender, educational, attainment and types of marriage of the respondents and their HIV/AIDS awareness.
Awareness and use of information communication technologies by farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria
(Taylor and Francis, 2012) Fawole, O. P.; Olajide, B. R.
Due to inadequate personnel, information communication technologies (ICTs) have become an attractive option for delivery of extension information. This study examined awareness and use of ICTs by farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. A total of 192 farmers were interviewed. Results indicate that most farmers had no formal education and small farm holdings. Awareness of older ICTs like radio and television was more prevalent among farmers as compared with newer ICTs such as internet and cable television. However, use of modern ICTs like mobile phones and cable television was greater than that for older technologies such as fax machines. Farmers were constrained in ICT use by prohibitive cost and service failure. The Nigerian government should encourage a liberal policy for affordable prices for modern ICT products, especially mobile telephones.
Awareness and use of natural growth promoters among poultry farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria
(2013-07) Tijani, S. A.; Ogunlade, O. A.; Adekoya, A. E.
The study investigated the awareness and use of natural growth promoters (NGPs) among poultry farmers in Oyo state. Purposive sampling was used to select 11 local government areas based on the concentration of the poultry farms and 13 respondents were randomly selected from each local government. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from respondents. The study revealed that69.6% of poultry farmers were males and 82.7% were within the age range of 21.50 years. Most (67.4%) of the farmers were married, 72.3% were Christian,92.8% were educated and 46.8% practice farming as major occupation. Majority (60.4%) had flock size of less than 1,000 birds and they were aware of NGPs, with feed enzymes having highest percentage (89.3%) of awareness. Feed enzymes and probiotics have the highest utilization with 87.1% and 55.0% respectively. Major constraints to utilization of NGPs are lack of extension agents, lack of knowledge of natural growth promoters, lack of technical know.how and cost of NGPs. Significant relationship was found between farmers’ educational qualification (χ2= 38.762, p= 0.010, flock size; χ2=42.078, p= 0.043 and the awareness of NGPs. Significant relationship also existed between farmers’ monthly income (χ2= 22.744, p= 0.004) flock size (χ2= 48.184, p= 0.010) and utilisation of NGPs. There is high level of awareness but utilization is low. NGPs should be subsidized and distributed through poultry farmers group.
Biotechnology knowledge and perceptions issues among students in the faculty of agriculture and forestry, University of Ibadan
(2013-06) Fawole, O. P.
This study investigated agricultural students' knowledge and perception of biotechnology issues. The study was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Ibadan. Proportionate sampling method was used to select a sample size of two hundred and sixty four (264) respondents. Variables measured included respondents' demographics, biotechnology information sources, knowledge and perception. The data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages and mean for descriptive analysis while Chi-square analysis, Pearson Product Moment correlation and analysis of variance were used for inferential analysis. Findings reveal that 54.5% of the respondents were female, 56.1% of the respondents had negative perceptions towards biotechnology issues while 82.2% of the respondents had average knowledge level on biotechnology issue. A significant relationship exists between each of respondents, years of formal education, (r = 0.122, P = 0.047), religion, x2= 8.015, p = 0.018) department (x2= 23.498, p = 0.024) and their knowledge of biotechnology. Significant difference exists between the knowledge level of the respondents across the sampled departments (F= 3.446, p=0.003). It was concluded that most of the respondents had unfavorable perception and an average knowledge level on biotechnology issues. The study recommends that learning should not be limited to classroom setting alone. Visits to research institute or private firms who are into research on biotechnology should be arranged for students of faculty of agriculture.
Characteristics of shea butter processing in Niger State, Nigeria
(2020-10) Tijani, S. A.; Sanusi, M. K.
The study examined the characteristics of Shea Butter processing and factors associated with the output in Niger states, Nigeria. Two stage sampling procedure was used to select 315 respondents. Interview schedule was used in data collection. Data collected were analysed with percentages, Chi-square, the Pearson Product Moment Coefficient (PPMC) and simple regression model at α 0.05. The result revealed that the majority (80.6%) of the respondents used semi-mechanised method in processing Shea butter. The average unit price of Shea butter was N476.07K per Kilogramme, while the average income was N439,650.37K per annum. Processors had low level of accessibility to modern processing technologies (66.2%) and more than half (64.8%) of the processors were producing at low level. Lack of credit facilities and high cost of processing equipment were identified as severe constraint to Shea butter processing. There were significant relationship between level of education (χ²=11.18, p≤0.05), level of engagement (χ²=8.71, p≤0.05), income (r=0.819, p≤0.05) and accessibility to modern Shea butter processing technologies (r=0.164, p≤0.05) with level of Shea butter processing output. The major determinants of Shea butter processing output were income, household size, unit price and accessibility to modern processing technologies. Financial institutions should provide soft loans to Shea butter processors to acquire inputs and equipment. Similarly, government agencies should provide Shea butter processing equipment to the processors to improve access to the technologies that could lead to increase Shea butter production in Niger state.
Climate induced changes on fishing activities of artisanal fisher folks in the coastal area of Ogun State
(Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria, 2015) Tijani, S. A.; Hassan, F. A.
The climate induced changes on the fishing activities of artisanal fisher folks was investigated in Ogun Waterside Local Government Area of Ogun State. Daze were obtained from one hundred and twelve fisher men using simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was done through the use of descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square, t-test at p=0.05 Findings show most respondents were male (90.2%). married 92 2% and mostly used family labour (80.3%). Most (69.6%) of the respondents used fishing net of various mesh sizes and The majority 72.3% of the fisher folk used unmotorized boats and traditionals. Factors influencing changes in fishing activities include reduction of volume of fish catch (79 5%), damage of nets and boats by ocean surges (50.4%), wind storm (59.8%), flooding of dwelling house and fa—-srz 84.8% and problem of fuel wood (81.3%).Coping strategies emearked upon by the fisher folks to combat the effect of climate charge were channelization of beels to Atlantic ocean (90.2%), construction of plant foot bridges (83.9%) and the use of hard wood to construct canoes (61.6%). More than half of the respondents (56.2%) had unfavourable perception of climate change on the extinction of fish species There were significant relationship between age (age x2=7 730). household size (x2=155.479) and volume of fish caught. There was a significant difference between the volume of fish caught ten years ago and now (t=22.427). Climate change has impacted negatively on the fishing activities of the artisanal fisher folks. It is recommended that metrological stations need to be resuscitated and well equipped in human resource and modem equipment to function effectively in climate information dissemination.
Comparative analysis of cassava and sweet potato improved processing techniques in Nigeria: rural women experience
(Nigerian Rural Sociological Association, 2004-07) Odebode, S. O.; Fawole, O. P.
One of the major products obtained form cassava and sweet potato is 'gari'. It is widely utilized and common. Economic recession in Nigeria has made 'gari ' a more valuable food, especially for the poor in the urban areas. The present and future prospect of cassava and sweet potato processing depends more upon the developments of improved processing technologies that can increase labour productivity and of improved products that can meet the changing need of the rural and urban dwellers to replace the age-long traditional processing techniques. The aim of this study is to compare the cassava and sweet potato improved processing techniques for products generation. A total of 320 women were randomly selected and interviewed from the Agricultural Development Projects states in South western Nigeria with the use of interview schedule Inferential statistics and descriptive statistical tools were used in analyzing the data. The results showed that the same improve processing technologies used for cassava processing are used for sweet potato processing and the most widely used improved processing technologies include abrasive peeler, sieve, motorized grater, screw jack or hydraulic press. Cassava and sweet potato products include "spari", "lafun", starch and "fufu". A major conclusion in this paper is that sweet potato "spari" is slightly darker than the cassava and it is cyanide free unlike cassava "gari", which needs to be processed to remove the cyanide contents. Furthermore, there is no difference in the processing techniques of cassava and sweet potato.
Comparative assessment of the changing pattern of land cover along the Southwestern coast of Nigeria using GIS and remote sensing techniques
(Elsevier, 2022) Fashae, O. A.; Tijani, M. N.; Adekoya, A. E.; Tijani, S.A.; Adagbasa, E. G.; Aladejana, J. A.
The changing pattern of land cover is increasingly becoming of global concern in the sustainable management of environmental resources. Different facets of the natural ecosystem continue witnessing devastation orchestrated by rapid population growth and urban expansion in the face of climate change. This study examined the contribution of human’s to the global environmental change by assessing the dynamics of land cover between 1984 and 2017 while predicting the future extent of land cover pattern for 2047 at the Epe and Igbokoda areas on the coast of southwestern Nigeria. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM + ), and Operational Land Imager (OLI) imageries of 1984, 2002, and 2017 respectively were acquired from the USGS to analyse the land cover changes. Supervised classification was done using the maximum likelihood classifier of Terrset version 18.31. The Change Demand Modelling of Land Change Modeller (LCM) in Terrset integrates the Markov chain for future predictions for 2047. The Epe area which typifies a rapidly urbanizing coastal environment recorded an 84.6% increase in built-up area extent between 1984 and 2017, while the built-up area of the Igbokoda area increased by 103.8% for the same period. This increment corresponds to a decrease in the spatial extent of the forested wetlands with an increase in water bodies. Expansion of water body extents indicates the interaction between the elements of climate change such as incessant flooding and anthropogenic activities like deforestation, urban expansion through sand mining and dredging. Future prediction into 2047 connotes further worsening of the situation. Therefore, solution-based sustainable coastal management practices are recommended to salvage the impoverishing coastal ecosystems from further impairment.