Agriculture Extension & Rural Development
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Item Comparative assessment of the changing pattern of land cover along the Southwestern coast of Nigeria using GIS and remote sensing techniques(Elsevier, 2022) Fashae, O. A.; Tijani, M. N.; Adekoya, A. E.; Tijani, S.A.; Adagbasa, E. G.; Aladejana, J. A.The changing pattern of land cover is increasingly becoming of global concern in the sustainable management of environmental resources. Different facets of the natural ecosystem continue witnessing devastation orchestrated by rapid population growth and urban expansion in the face of climate change. This study examined the contribution of human’s to the global environmental change by assessing the dynamics of land cover between 1984 and 2017 while predicting the future extent of land cover pattern for 2047 at the Epe and Igbokoda areas on the coast of southwestern Nigeria. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM + ), and Operational Land Imager (OLI) imageries of 1984, 2002, and 2017 respectively were acquired from the USGS to analyse the land cover changes. Supervised classification was done using the maximum likelihood classifier of Terrset version 18.31. The Change Demand Modelling of Land Change Modeller (LCM) in Terrset integrates the Markov chain for future predictions for 2047. The Epe area which typifies a rapidly urbanizing coastal environment recorded an 84.6% increase in built-up area extent between 1984 and 2017, while the built-up area of the Igbokoda area increased by 103.8% for the same period. This increment corresponds to a decrease in the spatial extent of the forested wetlands with an increase in water bodies. Expansion of water body extents indicates the interaction between the elements of climate change such as incessant flooding and anthropogenic activities like deforestation, urban expansion through sand mining and dredging. Future prediction into 2047 connotes further worsening of the situation. Therefore, solution-based sustainable coastal management practices are recommended to salvage the impoverishing coastal ecosystems from further impairment.Item Land-use changes and urbanization impacts on livelihood and groundwater sustainability of coastal areas of Lagos, SW-Nigeria: integrated GIS-based, livelihood and hydrochemical assessments(Nigerian Mining and Geosciences Society, 2018) Tijani, M. N.; Adekoya, A. E.; Fashae, O. A.; Tijani, S. A.; Aladejana, J. A.Water and food security are essential to human survival, livelihood and well-being vis-a-vis sustainable resources management and attainment of the SDGs. This study employed GIS-based, livelihood and hydrochemical assessments of impacts of land use and urbanization on community livelihood and groundwater sustainability with emphasis on the resilience and security of coastal water supply in Lagos metropolis, SW-Nigeria. For the assessment of land-use changes and associated impacts on community livelihood, Spot 5 satellite imagery of 1984, 2002 and 2017 of Lagos area alongside with Landsat ETM+ and OLI were used to generate the land use / land cover (LULC) changes using ArcGIS 10.3 Software. In addition, purposive and random sampling was used to select 500 respondents for the socio-economic assessment of perceived effects of land use changes on livelihood activities of coastal communities in the study area, while the data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Furthermore, hydrochemical quality assessment of seventy (70) water samples collected from different household water points (wells and boreholes) within study coastal environs were subjected to in-situ physicochemical parameters (pH, Temperature, TDS and EC) followed by laboratory analyses of major cations and anions. GIS-based 2 2 assessment revealed a significant increase in the built-up areas from 447.3km in 1984 to 951km in 2017 representing 85% increase with corresponding loss of about 5% of the forested coastal wetlands. This is a clear indication of rapid urbanization in the last three decades with attendant impacts on coastal livelihood and water quality. For the livelihood assessment, the average age of respondents was 52±7.7 years while most (66.2%) were males, married, (90.0%), literate (57.7%) with an average 34±5.2 years of residency. Fishing and farming were the major activities while the evaluated data revealed a decline in livestock production by 92.0%, cash crops by 90.0% and food crops by 79.0%. This is also a clear indication of impacts land-use changes as two-third of the respondents diversified into nonfarming activities. Hydrochemical assessment revealed elevated electrical conductivity (EC) of >1,000μS/cm alongside with elevated Na (51-230mg/l), Cl (300-980mg/l) and SO (36-88mg/l) concentrations in shallow wells and boreholes tapping the upper unconfined aquifer. This is a clear fingerprint of groundwater vulnerability to saline intrusion and contamination. Therefore, in the face of reality of impacts of anthropogenic land-use and climateinduced changes, there is the need for a clear governance structure to regulate the rate of groundwater abstraction and indiscriminate groundwater development to ensure sustainable groundwater resources management and attainment of SDG-6 and avoidance of water supply crisis. Such crisis can be avoided, if appropriate knowledge-based choices, planning / management options are employed; failure of which will likely be very costly.Item Awareness and use of natural growth promoters among poultry farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria(2013-07) Tijani, S. A.; Ogunlade, O. A.; Adekoya, A. E.The study investigated the awareness and use of natural growth promoters (NGPs) among poultry farmers in Oyo state. Purposive sampling was used to select 11 local government areas based on the concentration of the poultry farms and 13 respondents were randomly selected from each local government. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from respondents. The study revealed that69.6% of poultry farmers were males and 82.7% were within the age range of 21.50 years. Most (67.4%) of the farmers were married, 72.3% were Christian,92.8% were educated and 46.8% practice farming as major occupation. Majority (60.4%) had flock size of less than 1,000 birds and they were aware of NGPs, with feed enzymes having highest percentage (89.3%) of awareness. Feed enzymes and probiotics have the highest utilization with 87.1% and 55.0% respectively. Major constraints to utilization of NGPs are lack of extension agents, lack of knowledge of natural growth promoters, lack of technical know.how and cost of NGPs. Significant relationship was found between farmers’ educational qualification (χ2= 38.762, p= 0.010, flock size; χ2=42.078, p= 0.043 and the awareness of NGPs. Significant relationship also existed between farmers’ monthly income (χ2= 22.744, p= 0.004) flock size (χ2= 48.184, p= 0.010) and utilisation of NGPs. There is high level of awareness but utilization is low. NGPs should be subsidized and distributed through poultry farmers group.Item Determinants of community dwellers’ participation in self-help community development projects in Ido local government area of Oyo State, Nigeria.(2011) Tijani, S. A.; Adekoya, A. E.The study investigated the determinants of community dwellers’ participation in self- help development projects in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo slate in Nigeria. Three wards out of ten that constituted Ido local government were randomly selected. Purposive sampling was used to select one community from each of the three wards due to existence of self-help projects in those communities. Random sampling was used to select 37 respondents from Ido community, 37 were also selected from Onn while 36 respondents were selected from Akufo given the total sample size of 1 10. Data were collected through structured questionnaire and interview schedule. The study revealed that 66.4% of the respondents were male, 65.8% had formal education, majority (73.6%) fell within 19-49 years while 66.9% had income between 1,000 - 20,000 naira. Three projects, school, borehole and market were prominent in the selected communities. Activities undertook by respondents were: awareness creation, identifying community felt need and ensuring sustainability of projects. The study revealed significant relationship between respondents income and participation in self-help projects. Positive correlation existed between the activities undertook by respondents, attitude of respondents and participation in community development projects. Thus, income, activities and attitude of respondents determine the participation of community dwellers in self-help community projects. More income generating activities, positive attitude toward self-help projects and involvement of the entire community in all self- help projects is essential.Item Impact of world bank funding withdrawal on activities of women in agricultural programme of Oyo State ADP(Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2010-07) Tijani, S. A.; Fawole, O. P.; Adekoya, A. E.The Agricultural Development Project (ADP) has been saddled with agricultural extension services since its inception in Oyo State in 1989. This has been through financial and technical assistance from the World Bank. However, with the withdrawal of funding assistance by the World Bank finally in 1999, the burden of financing agricultural extension services became the responsibility of the state government. This study analyzed the trend of extension activities of the Women-in-agriculture (WIA) programme of the ADP from 1989 to 1999. Areas focused were crop, livestock and fishery production. There was a downward trend of all the activities on crop right from inception of funding (excluding 1991) which was not helped by the funding withdrawal of the World Bank. The picture presented was a gloomy future for WIA in agricultural extension delivery. Also, significant differences existed in the activities (t-value of 2.504 and a p-value of 0.031) between when funding was active (1989-1995) and period of withdrawal and after (1995-2001). The study thus substantiated the importance of funding for agricultural extension activities especially as they are development oriented. It also suggested the need for governments to specifically pay attention to women farmers through intensifying funding for the WIA programmes.Item Women and power transformation in rural households in Saki West Local Government Area of Oyo state(2013-06) Adekoya, A. E.; Adelakun, O. E.; Fawole, P. O.Rural women contribute significantly to the national economy by their activities in terms of agricultural production, marketing, processing and domestic work. It is ironical that their contribution either have no or minimal part in the decision making power regarding agricultural development and household activities. The study presents the past and current trends in household power sharing in Saki West Local Government Area of Oyo state, Nigeria. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from 140 respondents. Results show that majority of the respondents (69.4%) were within the ages of 35-42years, 45% were illiterates, 51.5% were 15-20years in marriage, while 90.8% had 3-8 household size. The current trend is that women are making decisions on their land, children, when to have sex, and type of family planning to use. Women will be able to have more power with her level of education (p=0.035). Number of wives (p=0.123) and children (p=0.316) had no effect on power transformation. Changes are occurring in women's economics status since they are in control of their finances and these are impacting their decision making power within household. Women should be empowered educationally and be more enlightened on the need for reduction in child bearing in order to reduce poverty rate.Item Impact of world bank funding withdrawal on activities of women in agricultural programme of Oyo state ADP(2010-07) Tijani, S. A.; Fawole, O. P.; Adekoya, A. E.The Agricultural Development Project (ADP) has been saddled with agricultural extension services since its inception in Oyo State in 1989. This has been through financial and technical assistance from the World Bank. However, with the withdrawal of funding assistance by the World Bank finally in 1999, the burden of financing agricultural extension services became the responsibility of the state government. This study analyzed the trend of extension activities of the Women-in-agriculture (WIA) programme of the ADP from 1989 to 1999. Areas focused were crop, livestock and fishery production. There was .a downward trend of all the activities on crop right from inception of funding (excluding 1991) which was not helped by the funding withdrawal of the World Bank the picture presented was a gloomy future for WIA in agricultural extension delivery. Also, significant differences existed in the activities (t-value of 2.504 and a p-value of 0.031) between when funding was active (1989-1995) and period of withdrawal and after (1995-2001). The study thus substantiated the importance of funding for agricultural extension activities especially as they are development oriented. It also suggested the need for governments to specifically pay attention to women farmers through intensifying funding for the WIA programmes.