FACULTY OF ARTS

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    THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRITISH ADMINISTRATION IN EKITILAND, 1915 - 1951
    (1995-07) ADELOYE, T. S.
    The thesis focuses attention on the development of British Administration in Ekitiland from 1915-1951, It discusses the British occupation of Ekiti- land and analyses the efforts made by the British to consolidate their administration through the creation of a centralised political authority. It examines the administrative structures evolved and observes that the Ekiti Oba were generally used as Instruments of British Administration, It is shown that under the new political dispensation, the Oba virtually became ciphers in the hands of British Administrative Officers. It is argued that some of the responsibilities assigned to the Oba eroded their traditional power, authority, status and prestige. The thesis also examines the efforts made at creating a central Administration in Ekitiland between 1920 and 1936, The attendant problems of this political experiment are discussed. In particular, the political agitations for secession, autonomy and other political reforms by some communities such as Ado-Ekiti, Akure, Igbara-Odo, Ilawe, Osi etc between 1938 and 1946 are discussed, It argues that these agitations not only threatened political Integration in Ekitiland but also contributed largely to the failure of central Administration put in place by the Colonial Government. The re-organisation efforts made by the British to re-invigorate their tottery administration in Ekitiland between 1946 and 1951 are analysed. The new political dispensation, which was a shift from a rigid centralisation of political authority that was unpalatable to Ekiti Oba to that of loose centralised Administration which allowed them (the Oba) to retain their sovereignty, succeeded to a large extent up to 1951. The economic dimension of British Administration in Ekitiland during the study period is also examined. While contending that British Administration was largely exploitative and resulted in a monumental disruption of the pre-colonial economic structure of the Ekiti society, it identifies certain sectors where the British Administration achieved some measure of development. The study concludes that though the British Administration tried to consolidate itself in Ekitiland, their initial objective of rigid political centralisation that would have brought Ekiti Kingdoms under one central authority was not realised. Furthermore, it observes that British Administration was a mixed blessing to the people of Ekltiland. The Ekiti accepted some of the changes considered beneficial to their society while rejecting those they considered detrimental to their well-being. The thesis has complemented the existing studies on British Administration in Nigeria in general and has also revealed the abysmal failure of British attempt to create a Central Administration in a society which was hitherto apparently segmentary.
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    Abu-l-Atàhiyyah ‘ashharu shu'ardii- zuhdfd ‘Asr al- abbàsI
    (Department of Arabic and Islamic Studies, University of Ibadan, 1995-06) Shittu, S. A.
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    Diràsatun tahllliyyah lil-qasIdati-l hamziyyah lil-busayrl
    (Department of Arabic and Islamic Studies, University of Ibadan, 1994-06) Shittu, S. A.
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    A STUDY OF VARIETIES OF WRITTEN ENGLISH IN NIGERIA
    (1973-10) ADESANOYE, F. A.
    The study postulates three varieties of English performance in the writings of Nigerians, and examines these in detail for their "common core" features and their "indexical markers". In the Introduction is discussed the English in present-day Nigeria with a theoretical cline of the varieties erected, the pivot around which the investigations of the later chapters are hung. The second chapter examines specifically varieties three and two in the performance of Nigerian judges, while the third deals with the use of English in the Nigerian newspaper press. Chapter IV examines first-variety usage in Literary Nigerian English and the fifth chapter undertakes an examination of the language ability of the low grade workers of the University of Ibadan, exponents of the first variety. Chapter VI, the final chapter, summarizes the findings of the investigations, makes some concluding statements, and suggests four possibilities for further research into Nigerian English. In essence, the study identifies the linguistic features common to all the varieties examined, and their indexical markers. The study also suggests that, from the evidence of the thesis, third-variety performances in written English in Nigeria be regarded as Standard (Educated) written Nigerian English.
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    A STUDY OF VARIETIES OF WRITTEN ENGLISH IN NIGERIA
    (1973-10) ADESANOYE, F. A.
    The study postulates three varieties of English performance in the writings of Nigerians, and examines these in detail for their "common core" features and their "indexical markers". In the Introduction is discussed the English in present-day Nigeria with a theoretical cline of the varieties erected, the pivot around which the investigations of the later chapters are hung. The second chapter examines specifically varieties three and two in the performance of Nigerian judges, while the third deals with the use of English in the Nigerian newspaper press. Chapter IV examines first-variety usage in Literary Nigerian English and the fifth chapter undertakes an examination of the language ability of the low grade workers of the University of Ibadan, exponents of the first variety. Chapter VI, the final chapter, summarizes the findings of the investigations, makes some concluding statements, and suggests four possibilities for further research into Nigerian English. In essence, the study identifies the linguistic features common to all the varieties examined, and their indexical markers. The study also suggests that, from the evidence of the thesis, third-variety performances in written English in Nigeria be regarded as Standard (Educated) written Nigerian English.
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    A SOCIOLINGUISTIC FACTOR ANALYSIS OF YORUBA-ENGLISH BILINGUALISM AMONG FORM V PUPILS IN SECONDARY GRAMMAR SCHOOLS IN THE IBADAN AREA
    (1977-06) ADENIRAN, A.
    This study regards certain variable sociological and educational factors as determinants of a person's or a group's degree of bilingualism, and attempts to ascertain their role in the proficiency abilities of Yoruba-English bilinguals in the fifth form of the secondary grammar school. In Chapter I is an outline of the development of scholastic interest in the curious phenomenon of bilingualism. Some of the theories and research approaches to the study of bilingualism are explicated. The chapter concludes by indicating the descriptive sociolinguistic approach adopted for the study. Chapter II examines the relative role and Status of Yoruba and English among the Yoruba people in the colonial era and in Contemporary Nigeria. The Information and analysis in the chapter constitute a background against which proficiency attainments in the two languages may be understood. Chapter III is methodological. Certain assumptions as well as the objectives of the study are stated. A number of hypotheses of Yoruba-English bilingual proficiency are postulated and the procedure for verifying them described. This involves the use of a language background questionnaire, and tests of language proficiency. In Chapters IV to VI the hypotheses are tested by matching the achievements of the subjects in the tests of proficiency with specific items in the language background information which have been hypothesized as determinants of proficiency. The hypotheses tested in chapter IV deal with bilingual comprehension, in Chapter V with bilingual fluency, and in Chapter VI with bilingual choice and usage habits. In each case the results are stated and discussed. In the last chapter (Chapter VII) we overview the whole investigation, summarising the major findings as regards the nature of bilingual proficiency, and assessing the effectiveness of the instruments used in the investigation. We also consider some of the social implications of the differences in English achievements among subgroups in the category of bilinguals studied, and make some suggestions for avoiding their undesirable possible consequences. Finally, four of the sociolinguistic problems which bilingualism poses are suggested for future investigation.
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    ISLAM IN OYO AND ITS DISTRICTS IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
    (1978-07) ADELOWO, E. D.
    This work describes the history and development of Islam in Oyo and its districts in the nineteenth Century. In short, the work is an attempt to see in what way Islam lad moulded the history of the people of Oyo and its districts in the nineteenth Century, The first chapter describes the beginnings of Islam in the area until the period when the religion became stagnant as a result of the fall of-the Old Oyo Empire, In this way, we are able to see the various difficulties militating against Islam in the area in the early period. In chapter two, we discuss the survival and growth of Islam in the area after the fall of the Old Oyo Empire, The forces, external and internal, responsible for this stage of Islamic growth are discussed in this chapter, Thus we are able to see a clear picture of how Islam surmounted the initial difficulties generated by the decline and fall of the Old Oyo Empire and how it eventually established itself strongly alongside the age-long traditional religion. Chapter three deals with the expansion of Islam during the increasing influx of Christian missionaries into Oyo and its districts. In this chapter, the difficulties facing the missionaries and their effects on the expansion of Christianity and Islam are discussed, Furthermore, the challenge of Christianity and the reaction of the Muslims to the challenge are examined. In this way, we are able to see why Islam became the dominant religion in the area in the nineteenth Century. In chapter four, we examine the status of Islam in the period when the area, known as Oyo and its districts, was brought within the web of Western civilization. In this way, we are able to see the influence of British rule on the expansion and development of Islam in the area in the period between 1894 and 1900. The religio-social significance of Islamic institutions in the area in the nineteenth Century is examined in chapter five. The influence of the institutions on the growth of Islam and how they provided a universal link with the Muslim world are clearly shown in this chapter. The people of Oyo and its districts had been greatly influenced by the traditional religion before the influx of Islam. Thus, in the last chapter, we turn our attention to examining the influence of Islam on the traditional background of the Muslim community. In this way, we are able to see the interaction of the traditional religion and Islam among the people of Oyo and its districts in the nineteenth Century. Since Islam constituted a strong force and became the dominant religion in Oyo and its districts in the nineteenth Century, we conclude by examining the extent of its success among the people of the area in this period.
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    THE SPREAD OF ISLAM IN IJESALAND (1860 - 1968)
    (1988-04) ADELEYE, M. O.
    Islam, like any other religion in the society is an all-pervading phenomenon transforming individual lives in the society. Therefore, I commence this thesis by examining the ethno-historical and geographical background of Ijesaland. I also survey the traditional religious beliefs of the Ijesa as well as the religious and social milieu which were in existence when Islam was accepted there. The thesis is mainly on the introduction, the development and growth of Islam in Ijesaland for a period of about one hundred years (1860-1968). I discuss the advent, spread and the propagation of Islam in Ijesaland with emphasis on the various factors that contributed to its spread. These, in my opinion, include the various Muslim festivals and Ijesa Muslims’ enviable activities during the ‘Id-ul-Fitr and ‘Id—ul-Adha. I also discuss developments that brought about a setback for Islam in the area. These include the death of the first five pilgrims in 1910, the ‘gaga’ epidemic of 1917/18, the Babalola-Babatope revival of 1930 and Mooko-Mooka, (ability to read and write) introduced by the Christian Missionaries. I also examine the subsequent activities of the Muslims which led to further spreading of the faith among the people. As to the introduction of Islam in Ijesaland, my main claim is that unlike other parts of Yorubaland where non-indigenes introduced Islam, Islam was introduced and spread in Ijesaland by Ijesa people themselves through their commercial activities. Lastly, I discuss the difficulties involved in writing the history of Islam in Ijesaland. I also make suggestions on how to improve Muslims activities in Ijesaland.
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    Strategies for preventing social breakdown in schools
    (Department of Social Works, University of Ibadan, Ibadan., 1998-09) Folaranmi, F.
    An attempt has been made in this paper to present a model on the process of social breakdown. The model, developed by Robinson (1978) describes the gradual process of breakdown in social functioning in relation to individuals, families and schools and pays particular attention to the parts various agents of social control play in the prevention of social breakdown. Strategies developed by experts which are directed at individuals, professionals and the government for the prevention of social breakdown are recommended. Thereafter, the strengths and limitations of the strategies are discussed and a conclusion is reached that urgent social work intervention in the schools will help a great deal in preventing social breakdown in schools.
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    SOME FEATURES OF LANGUAGE USE IN YORUBA TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
    (1991) ADEGBITE, A. B.
    This study attempts to characterize some of the significant features of language form and content in texts which usually accompany the practice of Yoruba Traditional Medicine (YTM). After collection of samples of texts from different Herbalist- Client (HC) encounters in the field, some of these texts are analysed along the dimension of register studies. Those significant features which occur prominently in most of the texts analyzed are then posited as characteristic features of YTM texts. The content features of YTM texts are identified in the work by relating the texts to extralinguistic experience via the level of situation and the categories of use, function, message and structure. And the formal features are described by observing their projection of the content via grammatical and lexical options in the linguistic system. The features of situation show that these texts are products of speech events which involve human and non-human objects, Participant beliefs, actions, relations and behaviour. The texts, whose primary mode is conversational reveal especially that participants in YTM interaction believe In magical medicine, rituals and in the power of the spoken word. There are three major uses performed by YTM texts, viz. diagnosis, optional divination and medication. These uses derive from participants’ intuitive reaction to the functions and messages of the texts. The message summarizes the thematic content of each text pertaining to the identification of a problem and finding the remedy for it. And the functions provide mainly the informative and directive bases for the message content. The structure of YTM texts reveals dialogical interactions in which herbalists and clients take turns in diagnostic and prescriptive transactions to make various initiation-response moves constituted mainly by elicit-reply and direct-accept acts. In some of the texts, however, the herbalist's turns may further extend into monological transactions of divination, incantations and supplication, depending on the performance situations. Lastly, the forms of the texts show that the preponderance of some cohesive features as well as the prominence of unmarked theme and simple sentences enhance simplicity and easier comprehensibility of the messages of YTM texts. They also show that the material process and positive polarity are prominent because the texts represent a lot of physical activities carried out towards achieving a positive goal. Lastly, they show that the declarative mood marks the primary function of giving information in YTM interaction. In all, the study contributes to both Yoruba studies and text analysis in the manner in which it utilizes an eclectic textual model to explicitly analyze some texts from a Yoruba register.