FACULTY OF ARTS
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Item Challenges facing female muslim medical practitioners (FMMP) in the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria(International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies, Malaysia, 2020-06) Kareem, M. K.; Adeogun, J. A.In Nigeria, religious intolerance between Muslims and Christians continues to increase. Muslim women are among those who have felt the most impact from the resulting religious prejudice, intolerance, and discrimination, especially in their workplaces. While many studies have been conducted to investigate the myriads of challenges facing women in general and Muslim women in particular, little research has been done on the challenges they face in their workplaces. This study intends to fill this gap by studying Female Muslim Medical Practitioners (FMMP) at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria. Purposive and snowball samplings were used to select seventy research participants. Face-to-face and in-depth individual interviews, which lasted between 30 minutes and three hours each, were used to collect data for the study, in which relevant statistical tests were used for data analysis. The study reveals that FMMPs in the hospital encounter several challenges, such as donning the hijab (the Muslim headscarf), performing daily prayers (salat), and employment opportunities. There is also evidence of high-level discrimination in the workplace. Finally, the study recommends that the management of UCH enhance its practice and policies regarding religious tolerance, equality, fairness, unity, and cooperation amongst its administrative staff and personnel.Item A comparative analysis of islamic and conventional cooperative societies: a study of Al-Ikhlas and University of Ibadan workers' cooperative investment and credit societies(Faculty of Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2019) Kareem, M. K.The nature and performance of cooperative societies have encouraged different people to join different cooperatives. Existing studies have examined the impact of cooperatives on people and businesses with scant attention paid to the comparison between Islamic and conventional cooperatives and their financial statuses. A comparison of both is necessary to weigh the relative impact of each on their respective members. Therefore, this study compared Islamic and conventional cooperative societies, using Al-Ikhlas Cooperative Society and University of Ibadan Workers' Cooperative Investment and Credit Society (UI Workers' Cooperative) as a case study. Data comprised the audited annual financial statements of both cooperatives for the period of 5 years, 2014 to 2018. They were analysed, using ratio-based model, CAMEL (Capital, Asset, Management, Efficiency and Liquidity) and growth rate of share capital to measure their performance and operational efficiency. While UI Workers' Cooperative engages in different types of investments, including those prohibited by Sharî'ah, Al-Ikhlas invests only in products and services allowed in Sharî'ah. The net surplus growth rate of UI Workers' Cooperative (42.12%) was greater than that of Al-Ikhlas society (18.88%). At an average, Al-Ikhlas' capital adequacy ratio (3.65%), members' savings (18.94%) and Management efficiency ratio (91.22%) were higher than those of UI Workers' Cooperative of 2.17%, 7.91% and 59.78%, respectively. Al-Ikhlas is self-sustaining and growing despite avoiding investments prohibited Shariah. By implication, Islamic cooperatives tend to impact more on its members than do conventional cooperatives on its members.Item Financial performance of university of Ibadan muslim staff cooperative, investments and credit society limited(Department of Religious Studies, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, 2019-05) Kareem, M. K.Business enterprise whether for profit or not-for-profit organization must make an income that will cover its costs. Its performance will dictate its survival and growth. Therefore, the study was designed to examine the financial statements of the University of Ibadan Muslim Staff Cooperative, Investments and credit Society limited. (UIMSCICS) with a view to measuring its performance using CAMEL (Capital, Asset, Management, Efficiency and Liquidity). Common Size Statement is also used to do structural analysis of the audited financial statement of the society. The study reveals that the strength of the society is in its management and interest free loans. Its cost of sales is too high (93.7% in 2018). Its capital adequacy, total investment to total assets and net surplus are on the increase but the latter is increasing at a reducing rate. The society does not have non-performing loans. This should be maintained for it makes the quality of its assets very good. The society should find alternative ways of investing their idle funds to generate more income for its members.Item Ibibio Libation Performances and Worldview(2013) Usoro, R. O.Libation among the Ibibio involves invocations, incantations and supplications to the gods and ancestors through which their world view is expressed. While aspects of libation such as sacrifices, chants, rites and rituals, which emphasis on contents, have been adequately researched, performance of libation has not been elaborately studied, relevant as it is in revealing the cultural values of the Ibibio people. This study, therefore, examines the performance properties and world view of Ibibio people in their libation performances. The study applies Charles Peirce‟s semiotic and Richard Schechner‟s performance theories. Purposive and snowball techniques were used in selecting fifteen libation performances covering sacrifice (3), coronation (2), purification (1), planting (1), harvest (1), appeasement (2), dispute (1), welcome (2), puberty (1) and naming rite (1), collected From Uyo (5), Itu (1), Nsit (1), Eket (2), Ibesikpo (1) Ini (3) and Ikono (2). These performances were transcribed and translated into English. Four Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) involving Chiefs (8), academics (3) and a combination of artisans, traders and youths, aged 25-35 (6) were held. In-depth interviews were conducted with libation performers (4), academics (3) and elderly members (3) of Ibibio society. Data were subjected to semiotic and critical analyses. Ibibio libation performances reveal indexical, iconic, and symbolic signs. Schnapps, ufọfọb (native gin), other hard drinks, nnʌk enañ (cow horn), ukpok/iko (gourd) or glass indexicates sacrifices. Pointing up and down to denote heaven and earth combines with verbal deixis in personal pronouns such as ami (I), nnyin (we) and mbufo (you), to indexicate the Ibibio source of strength. While nnʌk eniin (elephant tusk) and ekere (gong) are iconic of coronation performances, palm-wine and palm-oil are iconic of appeasement; animals are iconic of sacrifices. Ukpok/iko (gourd) symbolises oneness, palm-oil and eggs symbolise peace and nnʌk eniin (elephant tusk) symbolises royal authority. Ibibio libation performances are ritualistic, but some are more intense in contents and props. Performances from Ini and Ikono are more esoteric than those from the urban settings. Spatial and temporal settings of the performances vary according to context: while appeasement performances to Amasa, the water goddess, are set by the sea-side at midnight, with fowls, eggs, white basins, schnapps and priests dressed in white, appeasement performances for the earth deities are performed at shrines or spots of desecration, in the evenings with items like ufọfọb (native gin), other hard drinks and palm-wine. The insistence on schnapps for the water goddess underscores Ibibio understanding of schnapps as a foreign drink. Similarly, coronation performances are performed at designated spiritual arenas, while routine worship, welcome, naming or puberty rites are performed at homes with performers dressed in traditional attire. The select texts exhibit repetition and metaphor as devices used in exploring narrative properties such as plea, confidence and affirmation. Libation performances in Ibibio society which utilise symbolic drinks, objects and props reflect the mores of the people. Thus, they reveal a communion with the gods and ancestors manifested in theatrical aesthetic that portrays the cultural values and world view of the Ibibio.