FACULTY OF ARTS
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Item Perception of mental illness in ancient Greek and contemporary Yoruba religious beliefs(Faculty of Arts, University of Ibadan, 2018-06) Adekannbi, G. O.; Adebowale, B. A.; Ademiluwa, A.Mental illness is one of the most dreaded illnesses in human societies. Recent studies have investigated the phenomenon as neurosis with psychotic manifestations in individuals across societies. However, there are diverse opinions on the cause(s) of mental illness. Therefore, interrogating the subject from the worldviews of two traditional societies— Ancient Greece and Yoruba - the study classifies the causes of mental illness into three: natural, physical and supernatural. It further investigates attitudinal correlation between societies in the classical era and modem times in the perception of mental disorders. The aims to determine if prejudices or biases are proximal or distal in both societies and to highlight the social implications for interpersonal relationships, especially as bases for the acceptance and social instability of those who experience mental illness. The study, which is basically descriptive, adopts philosophical and cultural analytical methods to foreground textual explication, using the works of Plato, Hippocrates. Oluwole and Jegede. The paper shows that both in Ancient Greece and Yoruba societies, mental illness is attributed to retribution from the gods and accounts for the preponderance of Greek mythologies and tragedies. contextualising madness as inflicted by wrathful or envious gods or goddesses. It concludes that the stigmatisation of affected persons often emasculates them as they are deprived of proper healthcare during the period of illness, and denied social protection and recognition if they are fortunate enough to receive treatment. Invariably, the society is impoverished through this latent brain drainItem Mongo Beti, Ahmadou Kourouma and Ibrahima Ly: how feminists are they?(2011) Sanusi, R.Mongo Beti’s Le Pauvre Christ de Bomba (1956) and Mission terminee (1957), Ahmadou Kourouma’s Les Soleils des independances (1970) and Ibrahima Ly’s Toiles d’araignee (1972) depict female characters confronted with traditional attitudes, religious prescriptions and patriarchal mores in Cameroonian, Ivorian and Malian societies. This article recognizes and applauds the attacks launched by Beti, Kourouma and Ly on certain Christian, Islamic and traditional African practices that subjugate sub-Saharan African women, even though these authors still portray their female characters as subaltern and women in bondage who aspire to free themselves from cultural enslavement and patriarchal domination.Item Religion and the Nigerian state(VEDA Publications, 2019) Mepaiyeda, S. M.One interesting character observed about religion in Nigeria is that it has played both the anabolic and catabolic roles in the society. It has been used as a catalyst for building up as well as instrument for demolishing peaceful coexistence of the citizens of the country. Historical evidences attest to the fact that religious resurgence most especially in the northern part of the country led to violent riots that claimed the lives of more than 100,000 Christians and Muslims within a space of 34 years (1977 and 2011). From examination carried out on the perennial incidence of religio-political crises in Nigeria, factors responsible include the missionary spirit of the Christian faith which the Muslims could not tolerate; persistent attempts to nationalize sectional interest; the surreptitious use of religion by the government to achieve economic or political advantages and the reluctance to accept a change in certain areas. Having considered the effects of religious crises on the psyche of the citizens, the paper recommends that Nigerians must come to terms with the religious plurality of the country and the imperatives of secularity. Harmonious coexistence demands sacrifice from various religious groups within the state while attitudinal re-engineering is recommended at all levels of religious and political leadership. The expectation of humans to live in a world that is peaceful has been a mirage because of their failure to recognise the nexus between justice and peace. It is no doubt that the concept of peace has taken central position in global conferences- political, economic or religious, yet, it seems people have only been paying lip-service to its realisation. Also, they fail to adequately address gender inequality, dehumanizing attitude of some stronger nations towards the weaker ones, and more significantly, the trending issue of the destruction of non-human creatures by humans. These factors among many others have orchestrated the tension that is being experienced in the cosmic order. This paper therefore advocates for mutual respect among humans irrespective of gender or race and responsible earth stewardship, especially by all Africans, so as to achieve peace in the society. Special emphasis has been placed on eco-justice considering its far-reaching significance to the restoration of peace. Sociological approach was adopted in gathering data that cut across many disciplines.Item A re-examination of the role of religion in education(Faculty of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, Federal University, Kashere Gombe State, Nigeria, 2013) Mepaiyeda, S. M.Religion has played major roles in other facets of human endeavours, be it political, economic, medical or educational. Right from the Middle Ages when the church reached its zenith of expansion, the field of education was positively enhanced with the establishment of about eighty universities in Western Europe. Interestingly, records showed that these universities were theologically oriented because they metamorphosed from schools attached to churches, Furthermore, the missionaries who propagated Christianity took along with the Gospel a certain kind of Education in order to enlighten their converts and train them in institutions they established. However, in recent years, some government’s policies have undermined the place of religion in education most especially in Nigeria. Religious subjects have been de-emphasized while science related courses are promoted in order to boost technological advancement. Secondly, individuals, corporate organizations and some educational institutions seem to have the notion that religion today has little or no relevance in education. No wonder the population of students into the Department of Religious Studies in few universities that offer them is low when compared with other departments in the Faculty. Furthermore, it is saddened to note that most of the private universities especially the mission-established ones do not give the study of religion the priority it deserves. This paper, therefore, seeks to investigate the reasons adduced the stakeholders on the neglect of religious education in academic circles with a view to determining the relevance of religion in the contemporary world.Item Perception of mental illness in ancient Greek and contemporary(Faculty of Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2018-06) Adekannbi, G. O.; Adebowale, B. A.; Ademiluwa, A.Mental illness is one of the most dreaded illnesses in human societies. Recent studies have investigated the phenomenon as neurosis with psychotic manifestations in individuals across societies. However, there are diverse opinions on the cause(s) of mental illness. Therefore, interrogating the subject from the worldviews of two traditional societies— Ancient Greece and Yoruba - the study classifies the causes of mental illness into three: natural, physical and supernatural. It further investigates attitudinal correlation between societies in the classical era and modern times in the perception of mental disorders. The aims to detarmine if prejudices or biases are proximal or distal in both societies and to highlight the social implications for interpersonal relationships, especially as bases for the acceptance and social instability of those who experience mental illness. The study, which is basically descriptive, adopts philosophical and cultural analytical methods to foreground textual explication, using the works of Plato, Hippocrates, Oluwole and Jegede. The paper shows that both in Ancient Greece and Yoruba societies, mental illness is attributed to retribution from the gods and accounts for the preponderance of Greek mythologies and tragedies, contextualising madness as inflicted by wrathful or envious gods or goddesses. It concludes that the stigmatisation of affected persons often emasculates them as they are deprived of proper healthcare during the period of illness, and denied social protection and recognition if they are fortunate enough to receive treatment. Invariably, the society is impoverished through this latent brain drain.Item The trend in superstition(2001) Adekannbi, T.Item Challenges facing female muslim medical practitioners (FMMP) in the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria(International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies, Malaysia, 2020-06) Kareem, M. K.; Adeogun, J. A.In Nigeria, religious intolerance between Muslims and Christians continues to increase. Muslim women are among those who have felt the most impact from the resulting religious prejudice, intolerance, and discrimination, especially in their workplaces. While many studies have been conducted to investigate the myriads of challenges facing women in general and Muslim women in particular, little research has been done on the challenges they face in their workplaces. This study intends to fill this gap by studying Female Muslim Medical Practitioners (FMMP) at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria. Purposive and snowball samplings were used to select seventy research participants. Face-to-face and in-depth individual interviews, which lasted between 30 minutes and three hours each, were used to collect data for the study, in which relevant statistical tests were used for data analysis. The study reveals that FMMPs in the hospital encounter several challenges, such as donning the hijab (the Muslim headscarf), performing daily prayers (salat), and employment opportunities. There is also evidence of high-level discrimination in the workplace. Finally, the study recommends that the management of UCH enhance its practice and policies regarding religious tolerance, equality, fairness, unity, and cooperation amongst its administrative staff and personnel.Item Religion, Ethics and Attitudes towards Corruption in Nigeria: A Historiographical Review(Nigrian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), 2011) Aiyede, E. R.; Simbine, A. T.; Fagge, M. A.; Olaniyi, R.This study reviews the literature on corruption as it relates to religion in Nigeria. It explores corruption as a concept from its most popular usage to the official government position. It also explores the types and character of corruption and presents a historiography of the problem of corruption in colonial and postcolonial Nigeria. The ways corruption has been problematised in religious discourse, from the perspectives of African traditional religion, Christianity and Islam, paying attention to the transformations in these religions as they interact and influence one another and new religious movements are also examined. Additionally, it engages the debate on culture, religion, tradition and modernity in the dynamics of corruption in Nigeria. Further it engages the anti-corruption enterprise in Nigeria and the role of faith-based organisations in it. It argues that corruption in a heterogeneous and multi-religious post-colonial society like Nigeria must be conceived as a complex phenomenon that cannot be limited to a legal, political or economic concept. The concept goes beyond the idea of right and wrong, legal and illegal, socially acceptable or socially disapproved behaviour, abuse or misuse of power and touches on complex interactions through which we make sense of notions of good and evil. That is why it relates essentially to religion. Religion in Nigeria is, in the same vein a complex phenomenon of belief systems, not just in terms of people being exposed to multiple faith systems but also in terms of people espousing principles that straddle several religious opinions and beliefs that appear unlikely to sit together. The ways the apparent opposites mingle as people encounter social and material situations challenge us to adopt a methodology that is interpretative, sensitive to and grounded in empirical data in any engagement with religion and corruptionItem Inflation and the macro economic problems in Nigeria: an islamic perspective(Class Publishers, 2013-04) Kareem, M. K.One of the most crucial macroeconomic problems for most countries of the world is inflation. Although many countries particularly the developed countries experience rise in prices, the extent of the rise is so small that may go unnoticed by their people. However, this is not the case in Nigeria where it is double digit and with no signs of slowing down. In this paper, inflation in the conventional economy is discussed in the light of Islamic economy. It also examines if Shari'ah allows protection against inflation for the lender in a financial transaction. The effects of inflation rates on interest rates in Nigeria and how they can be controlled using Islamic finance are also examined. Islam supports zero rate of interest. However, it is indifferent to zero inflation inasmuch as it is not caused by human factors. If full employment prevails, the rate of inflation will be zero. The paper shows that inflation is allowed to some extent while indexation is not allowed because of injustice. An Islamic economy is not prone to a high rate of inflation due to some built-in stabilizers. We note some characteristics of Islamic finance that can prevent inflation from occurring or at the least can reduce the negative effects of inflation in an Islamic economy.