Crop Protection & Environmental Biology

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    Phenology and rate of sprouting of launaea taraxacifolia (willd.) amin ex c. jeffrey in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
    (2020) Morakinyo I.; Olubode O. S.
    Launaea taraxacifolia, a locally consumed vegetable in Nigeria is becoming popular due to the medicinal and nutritional potentials. Information about its agronomical properties is scanty. This study aims to determine the phenology and sprouting behaviour in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria. Studies were conducted at the Crop Garden of Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria in wet and dry seasons of 2019. Eighteen experimental bags, arranged in completely randomized design, filled with 5 kg each of heat-pretreated soil, and 15 field plots (1 m x 1 m each) in randomized complete block design were used for phenology and rate of sprouting (RS) respectively. Cuttings of 10 cm long of wild rhizomes of Launaea taraxacifolia were nursed for two weeks and transplanted uniformly at one seedling per pot. Planting spacing of 0.25 m x 0.25 m, 0.25 m x 0.5 m, 0.5 m x 0.50 m, 0.45 m x 0.75 m, and 0.55 m x 0.90 m and replicated three times were used. Data obtained were analysed using Analysis of Variance. Significant means were separated using Fisher’s LSD at p<0.05.Launaea taraxacifolia attained 67 - 111.4 cm height at 12 weeks after transplanting (WAT), branching and bolting, flowering and seeds matured at 8, 10, 12 WAT respectively. The means dry weight at 12 WAT in dry and wet seasons were 5.82 and 15.59 g/plant/pot respectively. Multiple sprouting commenced at 2 WAT and maximum RS (3.25/week) was attained at 8WAT in both seasons. Spacing at 0.25 m x 0.50 m was the best. Launaea taraxacifolia phenologically established faster as a good biomass accumulator in wet season unlike dry season. Spacing 0.25 m x 0.50 m was more desirable for Launaea taraxacifolia as it allowed better proliferation
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    Response of vigna unguiculata.(L.) Walp. and amaranthus cruentus (L.) Thell to interference from acalypha segetalis mull arg. on marginal lands in southwestern Nigeria
    (2001) Ogunyem, S.; Awodoyin, R. O; Osunkoya, O.O; Olubode, O.S.; Wewe, O.F.
    The role of each weeds depends on weed type, density and duration of association with the crop as well as competitive ability of the crop. In open garden experiments, the phenology of Acalypha segetalis, a common weed of arable and ruderal habitats in south western Nigeria, and its influence on the growth and performance of Vigna unguiculata and Amaranthus cruentus, were investigated in 1999 and 2000. Acalypha segetalis was found to be slow growing in the first four weeks of its life cycle but developed rapidly and vigorously afterwords. It produced and shed seeds within 10 weeks of growth. Vigna unguiculata, which is highly susceptible to weed infestation in the first four weeks of growth, did not suffer significant growth and yield reductions from the association with j4 ca/yp/ia segetalis. However, Amaranthus cruentus, which has similar growth habits with the weed, suffered significant reductions in growth and yield. Amaranthus suffered up to 42% marketable yield loss when grown with Acalypha. The early slow growth of Acalypha determines its competitive potential in arable cropping systems. Crops that establish fast and with superior early growth ability may not suffer adverse competitive repression with the weed.